Software Maintenance Blog
William A Clements
“I’m a developer; there is no money in maintenance.”
Beside self made programmers, most schools, universities are producing program developer who develops code more and more efficiently.
- Where does all that code end up?
- What happen to the program when it needs to be fixed?
It ends up in the world of software maintenance.
The following chart represents the cost of software maintenance compared to the entire cost of life of a program. The relative cost for maintaining software and managing its evolution now represents more than 90% of its total cost. Various studies on this subject are described in Table 1.
Table 1. Proportional software maintenance costs for its supplier. [[1]]
Year | Proportion of software maintenance costs | Definition | Reference |
2000 | >90% | Software cost devoted to system maintenance & evolution / total software costs | Erlikh (2000) |
1993 | 75% | Software maintenance / information system budget (in Fortune 1000 companies) | Eastwood (1993) |
1990 | >90% | Software cost devoted to system maintenance & evolution / total software costs | Moad (1990) |
1990 | 60-70% | Software maintenance / total management information systems (MIS) operating budgets | Huff (1990) |
1988 | 60-70% | Software maintenance / total management information systems (MIS) operating budgets | Port (1988) |
1984 | 65-75% | Effort spent on software maintenance / total available software engineering effort. | McKee (1984) |
1981 | >50% | Staff time spent on maintenance / total time (in 487 organizations) | Lientz & Swanson (1981) |
1979 | 67% | Maintenance costs / total software costs | Zelkowitz et al. (1979) |
Reference | Year | % Maintenance |
Lientz and Swanson (1980) | 1976 | 60% |
Pigoski, (1996) | 1980-1984 | 55% |
Schach (1990) | 1987 | 67% |
Pigoski (1996) | 1985-1989 | 75% |
Frazer (1992) | 1990 | 80% |
Pigoski (1996) | 90’s (prev.) | 90% |
[2] Polo, Piattini, and Ruiz; “Advances in Software Maintenance Management – Technologies and Solutions”, Idea Group Publishing, London 2003 http://skillport.books24x7.com
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